The Nature & Purpose of Research
Primary research – The process of seeking original and relevant information through conducting questionnaires, Observations, Surveys and more. Through these forms of research, you will find relevant data straight from the source that hasn’t yet been discovered
Oxford Reference Quote - Techniques of original data collection or research direct from the target respondents. Primary research is different from secondary research in that secondary research uses data or research that has already been collected. Primary research includes qualitative and quantitative research and can include surveys, focus groups, questionnaires, and interviews. Since primary research typically takes anywhere from weeks to months to gather and is very expensive, secondary sources are typically exhausted first before any primary research is conducted.
Over the course of my study this year I have collected my own primary research in other subjects. For example, in my EPQ project I conducted a questionnaire to discover what content people would like to see in my artefact, (which was a magazine). In this questionnaire I asked simple and relevant questions so that I could gain other perspectives and understand consumers' interests.
In my photography work I often would deeply dictate my photoshoots through direct and strict plans, and usually I would provide an observation to provide a perspective of my vision, I would provide an image that I myself would take of the planned location. Then I would discuss and explain my reasoning for the location and describe the shots I would aim to create along with their mood, tone and angles.
Primary research examples,
Interviews can be either in-depth or simple ways to directly reach a reliable source of information, as you can pick whom you interview; therefore, you have more control over the outcome of information you receive.
Questionnaires provide multiple sources of relevant data, in which you can collect an abundance at one time; you once again can choose who you direct these questions at providing more control.
Surveys are similar to a questionnaire but they are more of a method to collect information, within a survey designs, sampling and analysis and aggregation are considered.
Site I used for research on this task - https://luc.id/knowledgehub/survey-vs-questionnaire-is-there-a-difference/
Secondary Research – The process of seeking already existing data, a cheaper process compared to primary research but is less reliable, relevant and doesn’t have the originality attached. The process is conducted through researching magazines, books, websites and more; in which the data is usually summarized upon collection for efficiency.
Oxford Reference Quote - Research using information that has already been compiled and formatted. It is different from primary research, which is also known as original research. Analysis is frequently done with research that has been provided by a third party. This is also known as syndicated research. Other sources for secondary research include investment banks and associations or organizations. In research, it is important to assess the secondary information that exists before time and money is spent to conduct new research. Since primary research takes a much longer time to complete and is extremely expensive, decisions are often made to go with whatever secondary research is available in the interest of both time and money.
Once again, in my photography work I used secondary research. To gain understanding of the style of photography I was shooting I would research photographers through websites and compare their work to mine. I would also provide information I had discovered on these websites and write about their background, style, career and more to create an understanding of them.
Secondary Research Examples,
Websites provide a wide range of studied information on specific information, usually made by devoted researchers who work for large scale companies like Wikipedia.
Whilst books seem old, they have timeless information, and they aren't as easy to access as the internet but probably are more specific.
News articles are similar to websites but come from a trusted source as they provide information on an enormous broadcast,
Qualitative Research – A nonnumerical source of information, in which one can discover perspectives, reasoning and opinions though reviews, interviews, focus groups and more. This research usually comes from original primary research techniques.
Oxford Reference Quote - Methods of investigating phenomena which do not involve the collection and analysis of numerical *data. Any interpretive method which focuses on understanding.
In my media studies work we studied a front cover of our choice from The Big Issue Magazine, this was the case study for our essay practice.
Qualitative Research Examples,
Case studies
Focus groups
Interviews
Quantitative research – The process of changing collected data into numerical figures and visualizing and simplifying the data collected.
Oxford Quote Reference - Methods of investigating phenomena which involve the collection and analysis of numerical *data.
In my media studies as a class, we would go through the statistics and figures of sales of the specific topics we studied. Here is an example from when we studied Minecraft.
Quantitative Research Examples,
Statistics & figures
Online polls
Surveys
Pros & Cons
Qualitative data explores in depth analyzed answers which provide attitudes and behaviors, whereas quantitative data is vague and lacks the greater detail needed to further explore a source. But Quantitative data is much more efficient and easier to generate, it summarizes data and makes it easy to study and read through therefore saving time. In my opinion, qualitative data is superior as it has flexibility in its detailed answers; providing a greater understanding, although it’s a time effective process I think the time is well spent to gain more structure with the in-depth answers.
BARB – Since 1981 BARB has provided the UK with its television ratings.
Audience & Market Research – Audience research is there to gain an understanding of a specific group and whether they fit the desired type of customer or consumer. Market research gathers information on the customers' wants and needs; the process delves deeper into specific preferences.
Oxford Quote Reference - A focus on audience statistics relative to use of various types of media—for example, circulation, readership, demographics, lifestyle, viewership, quality, etc.
Examples of audience and market research,
Audience awareness
Product market
Advertising effects
Production Research – The process of gathering information concerning production related issues, such as financial problems like how much would it cost to gather the necessary data?
Examples of production research,
Finance/costs (budget sheets)
Technological resources (equipment hire)
Locations/placement (recces and releases, plus risk assessment).
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